An Operator is simply a symbol that is used to perform different types of operations. There are following types of operators to perform different types of operations in Python:
(a) Arithmetic operators
(b) Assignment operators
(c) Comparison operators
(d) Logical operators
(e) Identity operators
(f) Membership operators
(g) Bitwise operators
(b) Assignment operators
(c) Comparison operators
(d) Logical operators
(e) Identity operators
(f) Membership operators
(g) Bitwise operators
Arithmetic operators: The following table shows the arithmetic operators to perform common mathematical operations. Assume two variable x and y, then:
| Operator | Name | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| + | Addition | Add two operands | x + y |
| - | Subtraction | Subtracts second operand from the first | x - y |
| * | Multiplication | Multiplies both operands | x * y |
| / | Division | Divides numerator by de-numerator | x / y |
| % | Modulus | Remainder of the division | x % y |
| ** | Exponentiation | First operand raised to the power of second | x ** y |
| // | Floor division | Rounds the result down to the nearest whole number | x // y |
Example -
x=5
y=2
print("Addition is:",x+y)
print("Subtraction is:",x-y)
print("Multiplication is:",x*y)
print("Division is:",x/y)
print("Modulus is:",x%y)
print("Exponentiation is:",x**y) #5**2=5*5
print("Floor Division is:",x//y)
y=2
print("Addition is:",x+y)
print("Subtraction is:",x-y)
print("Multiplication is:",x*y)
print("Division is:",x/y)
print("Modulus is:",x%y)
print("Exponentiation is:",x**y) #5**2=5*5
print("Floor Division is:",x//y)
Output will be
Addition is: 7
Subtraction is: 3
Multiplication is: 10
Division is: 2.5
Modulus is: 1
Exponentiation is: 25
Floor Division is: 2
Subtraction is: 3
Multiplication is: 10
Division is: 2.5
Modulus is: 1
Exponentiation is: 25
Floor Division is: 2
Assignment operators: The following table shows the assignment operators used in Python to assign values to variables.
| Operator | Example | Equivalent to |
|---|---|---|
| = | x = 5 | x = 5 |
| += | x += 5 | x = x + 5 |
| -= | x -= 5 | x = x - 5 |
| *= | x *= 5 | x = x * 5 |
| /= | x /= 5 | x = x / 5 |
| %= | x %= 5 | x = x % 5 |
| //= | x //= 5 | x = x // 5 |
| **= | x **= 5 | x = x ** 5 |
| &= | x &= 5 | x = x & 5 |
| |= | x |= 5 | x = x | 5 |
| ^= | x ^= 5 | x = x ^ 5 |
| >>= | x >>= 5 | x = x >> 5 |
| <<= | x <<= 5 | x = x << 5 |
Example -
a=5
print("a is",a)
b=5
b+=1 #b=5+1
print("b is",b)
c=5
c-=2 #c=5-3
print("c is",c)
d=5
d*=3 #d=5*3
print("d is",d)
e=10
e/=2 #e=10/2
print("e is",e)
f=5
f%=2 #f=5%2
print("f is",f)
g=5
g//=3 #g=5//2
print("g is",g)
h=5
h**=2 #h=5**2
print("h is",h)
i=5
i&=3 #i=5&3
print("i is",i)
j=5
j|=2 #j=5|2
print("j is",j)
k=5
k^=3 #k=5^3
print("k is",k)
l=5
l>>=2 #l=5>>2
print("l is",l)
m=5
m<<=2 #m=5<<2
print("m is",m)
print("a is",a)
b=5
b+=1 #b=5+1
print("b is",b)
c=5
c-=2 #c=5-3
print("c is",c)
d=5
d*=3 #d=5*3
print("d is",d)
e=10
e/=2 #e=10/2
print("e is",e)
f=5
f%=2 #f=5%2
print("f is",f)
g=5
g//=3 #g=5//2
print("g is",g)
h=5
h**=2 #h=5**2
print("h is",h)
i=5
i&=3 #i=5&3
print("i is",i)
j=5
j|=2 #j=5|2
print("j is",j)
k=5
k^=3 #k=5^3
print("k is",k)
l=5
l>>=2 #l=5>>2
print("l is",l)
m=5
m<<=2 #m=5<<2
print("m is",m)
Output will be
a is 5
b is 6
c is 3
d is 15
e is 5.0
f is 1
g is 1
h is 25
i is 1
j is 7
k is 6
l is 1
m is 20
b is 6
c is 3
d is 15
e is 5.0
f is 1
g is 1
h is 25
i is 1
j is 7
k is 6
l is 1
m is 20
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