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Bitwise Operators : Bitwise operators work on bits and perform bit-by-bit operation. The truth table for &, |, and ^ is as follows :
Assume A = 60 and B = 13; in binary format, they will be as follows :
A = 0011 1100
B = 0000 1101
A&B = 0000 1100
A|B = 0011 1101
A^B = 0011 0001
~A = 1100 0011
The following table lists the bitwise operators supported by C. Assume variable ‘A’ holds 60 and variable ‘B’ holds 13, then :
Example :
Output :
Assignment Operators : The following tables lists the assignment operators supported by the C language :
Example :
Output :
Misc Operators : The following tables lists the misc operators supported by the C language :
Example :
Output :
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Bitwise Operators : Bitwise operators work on bits and perform bit-by-bit operation. The truth table for &, |, and ^ is as follows :
p | q | p & q | p | q | p ^ q |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Assume A = 60 and B = 13; in binary format, they will be as follows :
A = 0011 1100
B = 0000 1101
A&B = 0000 1100
A|B = 0011 1101
A^B = 0011 0001
~A = 1100 0011
The following table lists the bitwise operators supported by C. Assume variable ‘A’ holds 60 and variable ‘B’ holds 13, then :
Operators | Description | Examples |
---|---|---|
& | Binary AND Operator copies a bit to the result if it exists in both operands. | (A & B) = 12 |
| | Binary OR Operator copies a bit if it exists in either operand. | (A | B) = 61 |
^ | Binary XOR Operator copies the bit if it is set in one operand but not both. | (A ^ B) = 49 |
~ | Binary Ones Complement Operator is unary and has the effect of 'flipping' bits. | (~A ) = -61 |
<< | Binary Left Shift Operator. The left operands value is moved left by the number of bits specified by the right operand. | A << 2 = 240 |
>> | Binary Right Shift Operator. The left operands value is moved right by the number of bits specified by the right operand. | A >> 2 = 15 |
Example :
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
unsigned int a=60; /* 60 = 0011 1100 */
unsigned int b=13; /* 13 = 0000 1101 */
int c=0;
c= a & b;
printf("Value of c is %d\n",c); /* 12 = 0000 1100 */
c= a | b;
printf("Value of c is %d\n",c); /* 61 = 0011 1101 */
c= a ^ b;
printf("Value of c is %d\n",c); /* 49 = 0011 0001 */
c= ~a;
printf("Value of c is %d\n",c); /*-61 = 1100 0011 */
c= a << 2;
printf("Value of c is %d\n",c); /* 240 = 1111 0000 */
c= a >> 2;
printf("Value of c is %d\n",c); /* 15 = 0000 1111 */
}
int main()
{
unsigned int a=60; /* 60 = 0011 1100 */
unsigned int b=13; /* 13 = 0000 1101 */
int c=0;
c= a & b;
printf("Value of c is %d\n",c); /* 12 = 0000 1100 */
c= a | b;
printf("Value of c is %d\n",c); /* 61 = 0011 1101 */
c= a ^ b;
printf("Value of c is %d\n",c); /* 49 = 0011 0001 */
c= ~a;
printf("Value of c is %d\n",c); /*-61 = 1100 0011 */
c= a << 2;
printf("Value of c is %d\n",c); /* 240 = 1111 0000 */
c= a >> 2;
printf("Value of c is %d\n",c); /* 15 = 0000 1111 */
}
Output :
Value of c is 12
Value of c is 61
Value of c is 49
Value of c is -61
Value of c is 240
Value of c is 15
Value of c is 61
Value of c is 49
Value of c is -61
Value of c is 240
Value of c is 15
Assignment Operators : The following tables lists the assignment operators supported by the C language :
Operators | Description | Examples |
---|---|---|
= | Simple assignment operator. Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand. | C = A + B will assign the value of A + B to C |
+= | Add AND assignment operator. It adds the right operand to the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand. | C += A is equivalent to C = C + A |
-= | Subtract AND assignment operator. It subtracts the right operand from the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand. | C -= A is equivalent to C = C - A |
*= | Multiply AND assignment operator. It multiplies the right operand with the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand. | C *= A is equivalent to C = C * A |
/= | Divide AND assignment operator. It divides the left operand with the right operand and assigns the result to the left operand. | C /= A is equivalent to C = C / A |
%= | Modulus AND assignment operator. It takes modulus using two operands and assigns the result to the left operand. | C %= A is equivalent to C = C % A |
<<= | Left shift AND assignment operator. | C <<= 2 is same as C= C << 2 |
>>= | Right shift AND assignment operator. | C >>= 2 is same as C= C >> 2 |
&= | Bitwise AND assignment operator. | C &= 2 is same as C=C & 2 |
^= | Bitwise exclusive OR and assignment operator. | C ^= 2 is same as C = C ^ 2 |
|= | Bitwise exclusive OR and assignment operator. | C |= 2 is same as C =C | 2 |
Example :
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a=21, c;
c=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c+=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c-=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c*=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c/=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c%=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c<<=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c>>=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c&=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c^=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c|=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
}
int main()
{
int a=21, c;
c=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c+=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c-=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c*=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c/=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c%=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c<<=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c>>=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c&=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c^=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
c|=a;
printf("Value if c is %d\n",c);
}
Output :
Value if c is 21
Value if c is 42
Value if c is 21
Value if c is 441
Value if c is 21
Value if c is 0
Value if c is 0
Value if c is 0
Value if c is 0
Value if c is 21
Value if c is 21
Value if c is 42
Value if c is 21
Value if c is 441
Value if c is 21
Value if c is 0
Value if c is 0
Value if c is 0
Value if c is 0
Value if c is 21
Value if c is 21
Misc Operators : The following tables lists the misc operators supported by the C language :
Operators | Description | Examples |
---|---|---|
sizeof() | Returns the size of a variable. | sizeof(a), where a is integer, will return 4. |
& | Returns the address of a variable. | &a; returns the actual address of the variable. |
* | Pointer to a variable. | *a; |
*= | Multiply AND assignment operator. It multiplies the right operand with the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand. | C *= A is equivalent to C = C * A |
?: | Conditional Expression. | If Condition is true ? then value X : otherwise value Y |
Example :
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a=5;
short b;
double c;
int *ptr;
sizeof(a);
printf("Size of variable a = %d\n", sizeof(a) );
ptr = &a; /* 'ptr' now contains the address of 'a'*/
printf("value of a is %d\n", a);
printf("*ptr is %d.\n", *ptr); /* example of ternary operator */
a = 10;
b = (a == 1) ? 20: 30;
printf( "Value of b is %d\n", b );
b = (a == 10) ? 20: 30;
printf( "Value of b is %d\n", b );
}
int main()
{
int a=5;
short b;
double c;
int *ptr;
sizeof(a);
printf("Size of variable a = %d\n", sizeof(a) );
ptr = &a; /* 'ptr' now contains the address of 'a'*/
printf("value of a is %d\n", a);
printf("*ptr is %d.\n", *ptr); /* example of ternary operator */
a = 10;
b = (a == 1) ? 20: 30;
printf( "Value of b is %d\n", b );
b = (a == 10) ? 20: 30;
printf( "Value of b is %d\n", b );
}
Output :
Size of variable a = 4
value of a is 5
*ptr is 5
Value of b is 30
Value of b is 20
value of a is 5
*ptr is 5
Value of b is 30
Value of b is 20
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